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Updated: May 9, 2025

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

Food allergy endotypes revisited.

Mary Grace Baker¹, Lydia Su Yin Wong², George N Konstantinou³

¹Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

|April 30, 2025

Summary

Food allergy is a complex condition with diverse causes. This review proposes classifying food allergy endotypes based on IgE antibody involvement, allergen type, and prognostic markers for better understanding and treatment.

Keywords:

FPIES Food allergy anaphylaxis endotype food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome meat allergy oral allergy syndrome pollen-food allergy syndrome α-gal syndrome

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Allergy Research
Biomedical Science

Background:

Food allergy prevalence has risen significantly over the past century.
It is a heterogeneous condition with complex underlying mechanisms.
Biomedical advances have elucidated genetic, environmental, immune, and metabolic factors in food allergy pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a framework for classifying distinct food allergy endotypes.
To define endotypes based on key pathophysiologic features.
To discuss additional subtypes with unique mechanistic characteristics.

Main Methods:

Review of current biomedical research on food allergy.
Analysis of genetic, environmental, immune, and metabolic pathways.
Classification of food allergy based on defined criteria.

Main Results:

Identification of distinct food allergy endotypes with unique features.
Proposed classification criteria include IgE involvement, allergen molecular features, and prognostic markers.
Discussion of further subtypes based on mechanistic characteristics.

Conclusions:

A structured classification of food allergy endotypes is crucial for understanding disease heterogeneity.
Proposed criteria provide a basis for categorizing food allergies.
Further research into mechanistic subtypes can refine diagnosis and treatment.