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Effects of pre-CABG program on discharge readiness and surgery outcomes for patients undergoing elective CABG
Pouya Dolat Abadi1, Masoumeh Zakerimoghadam2, Zahra Abbasi Dolat Abadi1
1Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Insights
A prehabilitation program before coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) improves patient recovery and readiness for discharge. This intervention enhances outcomes for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Surgical Patient Care
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases are a major global health concern, with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) being a common treatment.
- CABG recovery can be lengthy, involving potential complications and psychological distress.
- Prehabilitation programs aim to optimize patient condition before surgery to improve outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a pre-CABG prehabilitation program.
- To assess the impact of prehabilitation on postoperative outcomes and discharge readiness in elective CABG patients.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 60 patients undergoing elective CABG.
- Intervention group received a prehabilitation program (education, stress management, respiratory training, nutrition).
- Control group received standard care; outcomes measured included discharge readiness, ICU stay, mobility, and psychological status.
Main Results:
- The pre-CABG program significantly improved discharge readiness and reduced anxiety and depression.
- Key postoperative outcomes such as duration of intubation, ICU stay, and hospital stay were positively impacted.
- Early mobility was achieved faster in the intervention group.
Conclusions:
- Prehabilitation is an effective strategy to enhance postoperative recovery and discharge preparedness for CABG patients.
- Implementing pre-CABG programs can lead to better patient outcomes and potentially reduce healthcare costs.
- Further research should explore long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness.
Introduction:
Cardiovascular diseases, a leading cause of death globally, impose significant health and economic burdens, particularly in countries like Iran. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common intervention for ischaemic heart disease, yet it entails a long recovery process with potential complications and psychological impacts. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a prehabilitation programme (pre-CABG) on postoperative outcomes and discharge readiness in patients undergoing elective CABG.
Methods And Analysis:
This randomised controlled trial involves 60 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group, receiving the pre-CABG programme, or the control group, receiving standard care. The pre-CABG programme includes patient education, stress management techniques, respiratory muscle training and nutritional guidance. Primary outcomes include discharge readiness, duration of intubation, Intensive Care Uniy (ICU) stay, occurrence of atelectasis, onset of mobility, hospital stay and levels of anxiety and depression. Secondary outcomes include the rate of 30-day readmissions. Data collection will involve standardised scales and checklists administered at various stages preoperation and postoperation.
Ethics And Dissemination:
The research study has received approval from the Research Ethics Committee at Tehran University of Medical Sciences' School of Nursing and Midwifery and Rehabilitation. All participants must provide written consent for their involvement in this study. The findings will be shared with appropriate groups and published in peer-reviewed journals.
Trial Registration Number:
The study is registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials under the ID IRCT20231019059768N1.
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