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Related Concept Videos

Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Quantitation of Protein Expression and Co-localization Using Multiplexed Immuno-histochemical Staining and Multispectral Imaging
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Immunohistochemical Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Expression Patterns of Primary Prostate Cancer Tissue

Francesca Ambrosini1, Nataniele Piol2, Matteo Bauckneht3

  • 1Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.

European Urology Oncology
|April 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in biopsy samples strongly correlates with whole-mount specimens. This PSMA expression predicts imaging uptake, aiding in personalized prostate cancer staging and diagnosis.

Keywords:
ImmunohistochemistryPositron emission tomography computed tomographyPredictive value of testsProstate-specific membrane antigenProstatic neoplasms

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miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is increasingly used for prostate cancer staging.
  • The correlation between PSMA expression in biopsy samples and definitive surgical specimens requires further investigation.
  • Understanding PSMA expression in biopsies may refine the interpretation of PSMA PET/CT scans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the correlation between PSMA immunohistochemical characteristics in prostate cancer (PCa)-positive biopsy cores and whole-mount specimens.
  • To assess the predictive value of biopsy-based PSMA expression for staging accuracy in PSMA PET/CT.
  • To determine if PSMA expression in biopsy samples can predict the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) on PSMA PET/CT.

Main Methods:

  • 104 patients with high- or intermediate-risk PCa undergoing radical prostatectomy and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT were prospectively analyzed.
  • Immunohistochemical PSMA expression was quantified using the Immunoreactive Score (IRS).
  • Gwet's agreement coefficient (AC1) and multivariable linear regression models were used to assess correlation and predictive value.

Main Results:

  • A strong correlation (AC1 = 0.8) was found between PSMA expression in biopsy cores and vesicoprostatic block specimens.
  • PSMA expression in both biopsy cores and the index lesion independently predicted SUVmax on PSMA PET/CT.
  • Limitations include manual IHC interpretation, potential overfitting, and short follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Immunohistochemical PSMA expression in biopsy cores highly correlates with whole-mount specimens.
  • PSMA expression is an independent predictor of PSMA PET/CT SUVmax.
  • Preoperative assessment of PSMA expression may enhance patient-specific diagnostic pathways in prostate cancer.