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Related Concept Videos

iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Isolation and Direct Neuronal Reprogramming of Mouse Astrocytes
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Isolation and Direct Neuronal Reprogramming of Mouse Astrocytes

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Using Human iPSC-Derived Astrocytes to Investigate Transcription Factor-Driven Astrocyte to Neuron

Ruven Wilkens1, Jürgen Korffmann2, Nathalie Nicolaisen2

  • 1AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Ludwigshafen, Germany. Ruven.Wilkens@abbvie.com.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a protocol for converting human stem cell-derived astrocytes into neurons, offering a promising avenue for neurodegenerative disease research and potential cell replacement therapies.

Keywords:
AstrocytesDirect conversionLineage conversionNeuronsRegenerationTransdifferentiationhiPSC

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's involve irreversible neuron loss.
  • Current therapies cannot reverse neuronal damage.
  • Astrocyte-to-neuron (AtN) transdifferentiation offers a potential strategy to replace lost neurons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail a workflow for assessing conversion factors for AtN transdifferentiation.
  • To utilize human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived astrocytes for improved translatability.
  • To establish a scalable and reproducible method for generating new neurons from astrocytes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing hiPSC-derived astrocytes instead of primary mouse cultures.
  • Developing a protocol to evaluate potential conversion factors.
  • Establishing a standardized workflow for in vitro transdifferentiation assessment.

Main Results:

  • The protocol enables the assessment of conversion factors for AtN transdifferentiation.
  • hiPSC-derived astrocytes provide a human cell system for studying neurodegenerative disease mechanisms.
  • The workflow facilitates the generation of cryopreservable astrocyte batches for future research.

Conclusions:

  • This protocol provides a valuable tool for identifying effective conversion factors for AtN transdifferentiation.
  • Using hiPSC-derived astrocytes enhances the translational relevance of AtN transdifferentiation studies.
  • The method supports the development of novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.