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Prevalence of Seizures in Hospitalizations with Traumatic Brain Injury: A U.S. Population-Based Study
Alka Mithal1, Maanek Sehgal1, Christopher Newey2
1Institute of Clinical Outcomes Research and Education (ICORE), Woodside, California, USA.
Neurotrauma Reports
|May 1, 2025
Summary
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) with seizures affects 12.2% of hospitalized adults, leading to higher costs and longer stays. This study highlights potential healthcare disparities for TBI patients experiencing seizures.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Public Health
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Limited data exists on outcomes for adults hospitalized with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concurrent seizures in the U.S.
- Understanding the prevalence and consequences of seizures in TBI patients is crucial for improving care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of seizures in hospitalized TBI patients.
- To analyze the impact of concomitant seizures on healthcare utilization and outcomes in TBI patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2016-2020.
- Inclusion of adult hospitalizations (≥18 years) with TBI, stratified by the presence or absence of seizures.
- Assessment of demographics, mean charges, length of hospital stay, and case fatality.
Main Results:
- Over 1.5 million TBI hospitalizations were analyzed; 12.2% had concomitant seizures.
- Seizures were more prevalent in men, the 45-64 age group, and among Black and Native American populations.
- TBI hospitalizations with seizures incurred significantly higher mean charges and longer hospital stays, but showed no difference in case fatality.
Conclusions:
- Concomitant seizures are common in TBI hospitalizations and associated with increased healthcare costs and resource utilization.
- Demographic and outcome differences suggest potential healthcare disparities for TBI patients with seizures that require further investigation.
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