A Data-Driven Approach to Running Gait Assessment Using Inertial Measurement Units

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Sports Science
• Orthopedics

Background:

• Running is a prevalent exercise activity for recreation and competition.
• Technology-driven biomechanical gait analysis aids in assessing performance and injury risk in runners.
• Clinical assessments are enhanced by quantitative gait analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a framework for using inertial measurement units (IMUs) in data-driven, quantitative gait assessments.
• To detail the practical application of IMUs for biomechanical gait analysis in runners.
• To guide clinicians and sports science researchers in utilizing IMU technology.

Main Methods:

• IMUs are placed on the lower extremity, sacrum, and trunk (foot, shank, thigh, sacrum, lower thoracic spine).
• Static anatomical calibration is followed by gait evaluation at multiple speeds using IMUs, high-speed cameras, and an instrumented treadmill.
• Data from IMUs and video are analyzed across the gait cycle (foot strike, mid-stance, toe-off, flight).

Main Results:

• Kinematic and kinetic variables (joint angles, excursions, moments, spatiotemporal outcomes) are analyzed.
• A collaborative approach involving sports science, athletic, and sports medicine teams is recommended for variable selection.
• The collected data can inform modifications to training programs and injury risk management.

Conclusions:

• This report outlines a data-driven approach for evaluating running biomechanics using IMU technology.
• The framework is most effective when researchers collaborate with coaches, sport scientists, and athletes.
• Objective clinical assessments using this framework can optimize training, reduce injury risk, and enhance running performance.