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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Step By Step: Microsurgical training method combining two nonliving animal models
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High-Fidelity, Low-Cost Microvascular Training Clamps: Expanding Training Opportunities for Microsurgery.

Garrison A Leach1, Tyler Dorobek2, Shannon Alsobrooks3

  • 1From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA.

Annals of Plastic Surgery
|May 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed low-cost, high-fidelity microvascular clamps for surgical training. These self-manufacturable clamps, costing only $4.13 each, offer a durable and accessible alternative for resource-limited environments.

Keywords:
engineeringinnovationmicrosurgerysurgical education

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Surgical Devices
  • Microsurgery Training

Background:

  • High cost of microvascular surgical equipment limits training, especially in resource-limited settings.
  • Existing synthetic clamps lack durability for repeated sterilization and long-term use.
  • Need for accessible, high-fidelity training tools in microsurgery is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and describe a reproducible method for creating low-cost, high-fidelity microvascular clamps.
  • To enable self-manufacturing of essential microsurgical tools in underserved areas.
  • To improve global access to microsurgical training and education.

Main Methods:

  • Laser cutting 18-8 stainless steel sheets into templates.
  • Utilizing needle nose pliers and a 3D-printed crimping tool for clamp fabrication.
  • Comparing clamp performance to standard Acland clamps using a pressure simulator and force resistor.
  • Conducting cost analysis and administering a fidelity questionnaire to surgical residents.

Main Results:

  • Developed training clamps demonstrated comparable force application to conventional Acland clamps.
  • Training clamps successfully occluded flow up to 160 mm Hg without causing vessel trauma.
  • Focus group reported no significant differences in handling, ease of use, or feel compared to standard clamps.
  • Training clamps cost $4.13 to produce, significantly less than Acland clamps (~$50), with an average assembly time under 5 minutes.

Conclusions:

  • Reproducible, low-cost, high-fidelity microvascular clamps can be manufactured from stainless steel sheets.
  • These clamps are suitable for self-manufacturing by surgeons in resource-limited environments.
  • The design allows for easy shipping and assembly, utilizing materials amenable to conventional sterilization and offering projected long-term durability.