Influences of Maternal, Child, and Household Factors on Diarrhea Management in Ecuador

Acute diarrheal disease remains a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality, particularly among children under five. Despite being preventable and treatable, cultural, socioeconomic, and familial factors influence home management. This study examined how these factors shape childhood diarrhea care in Ecuador.

To analyze maternal, child, and household characteristics associated with diarrhea management in children under five years of age using data from the 2018 Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT).

This cross-sectional study applied logistic regression models to assess the influence of various factors on diarrhea management practices.

Maternal education, ethnicity, child's age, household size, and urban or rural residence significantly influenced diarrhea management. Households with 4-6 persons (OR = 1.584, p < 0.05) and 7-9 persons (OR = 2.006, p < 0.05) had higher odds of receiving medical care. However, the child's sex, birth order, maternal marital status, and socioeconomic status were not significant predictors.

Although most children received some form of healthcare, disparities persisted, particularly in education level, ethnicity, and rural residence. These findings highlight the need for targeted maternal health literacy programs, culturally tailored interventions, and improved water-security initiatives to enhance diarrhea management and reduce inequities in care.