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Rhabdomyolysis in Children: A State-of-the-Art Review
Manson Chon In Kuok1, Winnie Kwai Yu Chan1
1Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 1, 2025
Summary
Pediatric rhabdomyolysis, a serious muscle breakdown condition, presents unique challenges. This review covers causes, complications, and management, including novel hemoadsorption therapies for myoglobin removal.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Rhabdomyolysis involves skeletal muscle breakdown, releasing myoglobin and causing kidney injury.
- Pediatric rhabdomyolysis is rare but severe, with distinct challenges compared to adults.
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication, sometimes requiring kidney replacement therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiology, etiologies, complications, and outcomes of pediatric rhabdomyolysis.
- To summarize emerging evidence on hemoadsorption for myoglobin removal.
- To propose a management framework for pediatric rhabdomyolysis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on pediatric rhabdomyolysis.
- Analysis of pathophysiology and clinical manifestations.
- Evaluation of treatment strategies, including hemoadsorption.
Main Results:
- Pediatric rhabdomyolysis has unique etiologies and clinical presentations.
- Myoglobin release is a key factor in AKI.
- Hemoadsorption shows promise for myoglobin clearance.
Conclusions:
- Effective management requires understanding pediatric-specific factors.
- Hemoadsorption offers a potential adjunctive therapy for severe cases.
- A systematic approach is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
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