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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
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Changes in Perceived Tinnitus Sound Qualities Following Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tinnitus.

Vinaya Manchaiah1,2,3,4,5, Gerhard Andersson6,7, Eldré W Beukes3,8

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Clinics and Practice
|May 1, 2025
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Summary

Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) improved tinnitus sound qualities and reduced tinnitus severity, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. These preliminary findings suggest a link between tinnitus distress and perception.

Keywords:
outcome measurespsychometric validationquestionnairetinnitustinnitus sensation

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Psychology
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Tinnitus perception and its impact on quality of life are significant concerns.
  • Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) is an emerging treatment modality for tinnitus.
  • Understanding how ICBT affects tinnitus sound qualities is crucial for treatment optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of ICBT on the perceived sound qualities of tinnitus.
  • To assess changes in tinnitus severity, anxiety, depression, and insomnia following ICBT.
  • To determine if ICBT leads to clinically meaningful improvements in tinnitus perception.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-experimental design with 152 participants was employed.
  • Participants completed online questionnaires measuring tinnitus qualities (TQIQ), severity (TFI), anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), insomnia (ISI), and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L VAS).
  • Statistical analyses included parametric and non-parametric tests, with Cohen's d effect sizes reported.

Main Results:

  • ICBT significantly reduced tinnitus severity, anxiety, depression, and insomnia with small-to-moderate effect sizes.
  • Statistically significant improvements were observed in overall tinnitus qualities (TQIQ) and most subscales post-ICBT.
  • A higher proportion of the ICBT group achieved clinically important differences in tinnitus qualities compared to the control group.

Conclusions:

  • ICBT effectively modifies perceived tinnitus sound qualities, alongside reducing tinnitus severity and associated psychological distress.
  • The findings suggest a potential relationship between tinnitus distress and its perceived qualities.
  • Results are preliminary due to limitations such as the absence of audiological data; further research is warranted.