A Review of the Use of Data Analytics to Address Preeclampsia in Ecuador Between 2020 and 2024

Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of preeclampsia in Ecuador is approximately 51 cases per 1000 pregnancies. Despite advances in medicine, its diagnosis and management remain a challenge due to its multifactorial nature and variability in its clinical presentation. Data analytics offers an innovative approach to address these challenges, allowing for better understanding of the disease and more informed decision-making. This work review examines peer-reviewed studies published during the last decade that employed descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive analytics to evaluate preeclampsia in Ecuador. The review focuses on studies conducted in healthcare institutions across coastal and highland regions, with an inclusion criterion requiring sample sizes greater than 100 patients. Emphasis is placed on the statistical methods used, main findings, and the technological capabilities of the facilities where the analyses were performed. Critical evaluation of methodology limitations and a comparative discussion of findings with global literature on preeclampsia are included. The synthesis of these studies highlights both progress and gaps in predictive analytics for preeclampsia and suggests pathways for future research.