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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
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Gender Differences in Case Volume Among Ophthalmology Resident Graduates, 2014-2023.

Susan M Culican1, Misha F Syed2, Yoon Soo Park3

  • 1Office of Medical Education, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis.

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Summary

Female ophthalmology residents performed fewer cataract surgeries than males. Both female and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) residents reported fewer total procedures, indicating disparities in surgical training volume.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Surgical Education
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Previous studies indicated gender disparities in surgical volumes among US ophthalmology residency programs.
  • The representativeness of these findings across all US ophthalmology residents remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate variations in reported surgical volume among US ophthalmology resident graduates based on self-reported gender and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) status.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective observational longitudinal cohort study analyzed deidentified Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) surgical log data from 2014-2023.
  • Data encompassed all US ophthalmology residency program graduates, comparing surgical experience by gender and URiM status.

Main Results:

  • Female residents performed fewer cataract surgeries (mean difference: -4.4%) and total procedures (mean difference: -7.4%) compared to male residents over the 10-year period.
  • Underrepresented in medicine (URiM) status was not associated with differences in cataract surgeries but was linked to fewer total procedures (mean difference: -5.3%).

Conclusions:

  • Female residents consistently reported lower surgical volumes for cataract procedures and overall compared to male residents.
  • Both female and URiM residents experienced lower total surgical volumes, highlighting potential disparities in resident surgical training that warrant further investigation.