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Quality of life and physical activity in type 1 diabetes

Emma J Cockcroft1, Dillon Chithuranjan2, Parth Narendran3,4

  • 1University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX1 2JP, UK.

BMC Pediatrics
|May 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Physical activity interventions show unclear benefits for the quality of life in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). More research is needed to understand long-term physical and psychological health impacts in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Exercise Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) affects numerous children and young people globally.
  • Physical activity is recognized for its benefits in diabetes management, including improved glycemic control.
  • The impact of physical activity on the quality of life (QoL) for children with T1D remains uncertain due to confounding factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of physical activity interventions on the quality of life in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review adhering to PRISMA 2009 guidelines was conducted.
  • Searches were performed across multiple databases (CINAHL, Embase, Medline, PubMed, PsychINFO) from January 1994 to March 2025.
  • Included studies featured interventions in children under 19 with T1D, excluding single sessions, and required a control group; QoL indicators were the primary outcome.

Main Results:

  • Out of 3020 assessed records, only three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2007 and 2020 met the inclusion criteria.
  • Significant heterogeneity was observed in study designs, methodologies, and reporting across the included trials.
  • The benefits of physical activity on QoL were not consistently demonstrated across the studies.

Conclusions:

  • Limited data exists regarding QoL outcomes and standardized measurement tools for children with T1D.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate the psychological underpinnings necessary for sustained physical and psychological health improvements in pediatric T1D.
  • There is a need for standardized QoL assessment in children with T1D to better evaluate intervention effectiveness.
Abstract

Keywords:
Physical activityQuality of lifeType 1 diabetes

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