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Intracavitary electrocardiogram guidance for peripherally inserted central catheter placement: A systematic review
Mao Zhou1,2, Wen-Li Zeng2,3, Charles Damien Lu2,3
1School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Intracavitary electrocardiogram (IC-ECG) placement significantly increases the success rate of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement on the first attempt. This method also reduces overall complications, making it a preferred choice for accurate catheter tip localization.
Area of Science:
- Medical Devices
- Interventional Cardiology
- Catheterization Techniques
Background:
- Intracavitary electrocardiogram (IC-ECG) is a common technique for peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement.
- The accuracy and complication rates of IC-ECG for PICC tip localization are debated.
- This study evaluates the clinical effectiveness and safety of IC-ECG in PICC procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the clinical efficacy of IC-ECG for PICC placement.
- To evaluate the safety profile of IC-ECG compared to traditional methods.
- To determine the impact of IC-ECG on PICC tip localization accuracy and related complications.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted.
- Searched major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, CNKI) for studies published before October 30, 2024.
- Assessed trial quality using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool v2 and certainty of evidence with GRADEpro.
Main Results:
- Sixteen studies with 6707 patients were analyzed.
- IC-ECG significantly improved the first-attempt success rate (RR=1.23, p<0.00001).
- IC-ECG reduced total complications and phlebitis; no significant differences in procedure time, thrombogenesis, infection, or arrhythmia were found.
Conclusions:
- IC-ECG guidance enhances first-attempt success and lowers complication rates for PICC placement.
- The findings suggest IC-ECG is a preferred method for accurate PICC tip localization.
- The study provides robust evidence supporting IC-ECG in clinical practice.
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