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Evaluating Factors Influencing Periodontal Bone Loss Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study
1Department of Periodontology, Diyarbakır Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
Summary
Periodontal bone loss increases with age and varies by tooth type and location. Tooth surface width also influences bone loss, particularly in mandibular incisors and premolars.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Periodontology
- Radiology
Background:
- Alveolar bone loss assessment is crucial for periodontitis diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning.
- Understanding disease progression factors aids in effective management.
- Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers detailed imaging for bone loss evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine periodontal bone loss using CBCT images.
- To evaluate the influence of age, sex, jaw type, tooth type, and tooth surface width on periodontal destruction.
Main Methods:
- 200 CBCT scans were randomly selected and analyzed.
- Periodontal bone loss was measured as the distance between the alveolar crest and cemento-enamel junction (>2 mm).
- Tooth surface widths (buccolingual and mesiodistal) at the cemento-enamel junction were measured.
Main Results:
- Bone loss increased with advancing age.
- Maxillary molars showed the highest bone loss, followed by mandibular incisors.
- Distal surfaces in the maxilla had greater bone loss than in the mandible.
- In mandibular incisors and premolars, decreased tooth width correlated with increased bone loss.
Conclusions:
- Periodontal bone loss is multifactorial, influenced by age, sex, tooth type, and tooth surface width.
- These findings aid in refining periodontitis diagnosis and treatment strategies.
- CBCT analysis provides valuable insights into periodontal destruction patterns.
