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Opportunistic Candida albicans infection with granulomatous meningoencephalitis and aggressive osteolysis

A Siauciunaite1, A Oevermann2, K Beckmann1

  • 1Division of Neurology, Department for Small Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich.

Schweizer Archiv Fur Tierheilkunde
|May 2, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study details a dog with a rare opportunistic Candida albicans infection of the central nervous system, presenting with aggressive bone lysis. This case highlights imaging features of fungal meningoencephalitis in dogs.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Mycology
  • Immunocompromised Animal Models

Background:

  • Opportunistic Candida infections, particularly of the central nervous system, are increasingly recognized in immunocompromised individuals.
  • While calvarial bone lysis is a rare manifestation in humans, it has not been previously documented in canine Candida infections.

Observation:

  • A 10-year-old immunocompromised Bullterrier presented with cerebral lesions, meningoencephalitis, and multifocal aggressive bone lysis affecting cranial structures.
  • Imaging (MRI/CT) revealed destruction of turbinates and conchae, sinusitis, a nasopharyngeal mass, and lymphadenomegaly.
  • Histopathology and microbiology confirmed Candida albicans infection.

Findings:

  • The canine case exhibited granulomatous fungal meningitis and multicentric T-cell lymphoma.
  • Aggressive bone lysis co-localized with meningoencephalitis lesions, a feature rarely seen in human chronic Candida infections.
  • The dog showed a transient response to antifungal therapy before clinical deterioration.

Implications:

  • This report is the first to describe the imaging characteristics of opportunistic Candida infection causing granulomatous meningoencephalitis in a dog.
  • It expands the understanding of clinical presentations of canine fungal infections.
  • The findings suggest a potential parallel between human and canine manifestations of chronic Candida infections, including rare bone lysis.
Keywords:
CyclosporinHundImmunsuppressionLymphomOsteomyelitisPilzcaninechampignonchienciclosporinacyclosporinefungalfunginaimmunosoppressione,w caneimmunosuppressionlinfomalymphomalymphomeosteomieliteosteomyelitisostéomyélite

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