Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

49.6K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
49.6K
Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives01:35

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

1.9K
Just like β-keto acids—which upon thermal decarboxylation form ketones—β-dicarboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation to generate monocarboxylic acids with the liberation of carbon dioxide.
1.9K
Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Mechanism01:14

Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Mechanism

3.2K
The Wittig reaction, which converts aldehydes or ketones to alkenes using phosphorus ylides, proceeds through a nucleophilic addition‒elimination process.
The reaction begins with the nucleophilic addition between a phosphorus ylide and the carbonyl compound. Due to its carbanionic character,  phosphorus ylide acts as a strong nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbonyl group. This generates a charge-separated dipolar intermediate called betaine. The negatively charged oxygen...
3.2K
Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of β-Ketoacids01:02

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of β-Ketoacids

3.1K
Carboxylic acids, upon heating, undergo a decarboxylation reaction by releasing carbon dioxide gas. Monocarboxylic acids do not undergo decarboxylation easily. However, a silver salt of carboxylic acid reacts with bromine or iodine under high temperature to release carbon dioxide gas and forms halide with one less carbon. This reaction is called the Hunsdiecker reaction.
3.1K
Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Overview01:19

Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Overview

7.5K
The Wittig reaction is the conversion of carbonyl compounds—aldehydes and ketones—to alkenes using phosphorus ylides, or the Wittig reagent. The reaction was pioneered by Prof. Georg Wittig, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
7.5K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

13.0K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

MBD8 acts as a conserved cofactor of the histone demethylase LDL2 to regulate flowering time in plants.

Journal of integrative plant biology·2026
Same author

Photoredox-catalyzed generation and reactivity of α-carbonyl cationic intermediates.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

<sup><i>t</i></sup>BuONO as the Co-catalyst in Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic α,β-Dehydrogenation of Ketones.

Organic letters·2026
Same author

Photocatalytic α-fluoro-β-phosphonoylation of unsaturated amides.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry·2026
Same author

Intraocular lens tilt and decentration in congenital ectopia lentis: baseline characteristics and first-year report.

International journal of ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Photocatalytic Synthesis of α-Fluoro-β-sulfonyl Carbonyl Compounds Using Nucleophilic Fluorine Sources.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

Direct Synthesis of <i>N</i>-Acylhydrazones from <i>N</i>-Substituted Hydrazines, Aldehydes, and Carboxylic Acids via Preferential Imine Formation and Selective Secondary Amine Monoacylation.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same journal

Rh(III)-Catalyzed, <i>N</i>-Amino-Directed C-H Coupling with 2-Oxo-3-butynoates to Benzodiazepines.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same journal

Acetic Acid-Assisted Electrochemical <i>Ipso</i>-Nitration of Aryl Borides Using Ferric Nitrate Nonahydrate.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same journal

How Intramolecular Epoxide-Opening Cascades Generate Polyether Ionophores, Marine Ladder Polyethers, and Oxasqualenoids.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same journal

An Efficient and Scalable Approach to Functionalized Urea via Bench-Stable Amidine Building Blocks.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
Same journal

Switchable <i>N</i>-Haloethylation and C-H Halogenation of NH-Enaminones with 1,2-Dihaloethanes.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2025

Light-driven Enzymatic Decarboxylation
09:58

Light-driven Enzymatic Decarboxylation

Published on: May 22, 2016

10.6K

Light-Induced Decarboxylative Phosphinylation.

Zhen-Zhen Liu1, Chong-Jin Zhang1, Jian-Ping Qu1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.

The Journal of Organic Chemistry
|May 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new visible light method enables decarboxylative radical coupling of N-hydroxyphthalimide esters with phosphonites or phosphinites. This approach offers a cost-effective and metal-free route to functionalized phosphinates and phosphine oxides.

More Related Videos

Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols from L-lysine
09:14

Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols from L-lysine

Published on: February 16, 2018

12.0K
Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus
14:07

Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus

Published on: October 3, 2014

13.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2025

Light-driven Enzymatic Decarboxylation
09:58

Light-driven Enzymatic Decarboxylation

Published on: May 22, 2016

10.6K
Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols from L-lysine
09:14

Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Alcohols from L-lysine

Published on: February 16, 2018

12.0K
Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus
14:07

Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus

Published on: October 3, 2014

13.6K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Photochemistry
  • Radical Reactions

Background:

  • N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) esters are versatile precursors for radical generation.
  • Phosphorus-containing compounds are crucial in various chemical and biological applications.
  • Existing methods for synthesizing phosphinates and phosphine oxides often involve harsh conditions or toxic reagents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel visible light-induced method for decarboxylative radical coupling.
  • To synthesize functionalized phosphinates and phosphine oxides efficiently.
  • To provide a sustainable and metal-free alternative for phosphorus compound synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Visible light photoredox catalysis.
  • Decarboxylative radical coupling reaction.
  • Utilizing N-hydroxyphthalimide esters as radical precursors.
  • Employing phosphonites or phosphinites as coupling partners.

Main Results:

  • Successful visible light-induced decarboxylative radical coupling was achieved.
  • A range of functionalized phosphinates and phosphine oxides were synthesized.
  • The reaction proceeded under mild conditions.
  • No transition metals or toxic reagents were required.

Conclusions:

  • A practical and low-cost method for synthesizing phosphinates and phosphine oxides has been established.
  • This visible light-mediated approach offers a greener alternative to traditional synthetic routes.
  • The methodology is suitable for producing diverse functionalized phosphorus compounds.