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Relationship Between Orthostatic Cardiovascular Responses and Anthropometric Indices in Apparently Healthy Young
Mayowa Adeniyi1, Ayoola Awosika2, Ayobami A Adamu3
1Department of Physiology (Environmental Physiology), Federal University of Health Sciences, Otupko, NGA.
Insights
Body weight and height predict orthostatic shock index, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure in young adult females. These findings aid cardiovascular risk assessment and personalized medical interventions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Autonomic Nervous System Function
- Anthropometry and Hemodynamics
Background:
- Orthostatic cardiovascular responses are influenced by anthropometric indices, impacting autonomic function and disease risk.
- Factors like body composition, height, and weight affect hemodynamic stability during postural changes.
- Shock index (SI) and double product (DP) serve as markers for cardiovascular efficiency and myocardial workload during orthostasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between anthropometric indices and orthostatic cardiovascular responses.
- To assess how this relationship can predict vulnerability to dysautonomia, hypotension, or cardiovascular stress.
- To explore the predictive value of body weight and height on orthostatic parameters in young adult females.
Main Methods:
- Thirty healthy female participants (average age 19.5 years) were studied.
- Measurements included body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and pulse rate in sitting and standing positions.
- Statistical analysis was performed with significance accepted at P<0.05.
Main Results:
- Body weight positively correlated with the orthostatic shock index (r=0.803).
- Height negatively correlated with orthostatic systolic blood pressure (r=-0.719) and orthostatic pulse pressure (r=-0.702).
- No correlation was found between BMI and cardiovascular parameters post-orthostasis.
Conclusions:
- Body weight and height are significant predictors of orthostatic shock index, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure in young adult females.
- These anthropometric factors offer insights into cardiovascular regulation during postural changes.
- Findings support refined cardiovascular risk assessment and personalized medical interventions.
Abstract:
Background Understanding the relationship between orthostatic cardiovascular responses and anthropometric indices can provide insight into cardiovascular regulation, autonomic function, and disease risk stratification. Orthostatic responses like changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate can be potentially influenced by body composition, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). These anthropometric factors play a crucial role in maintaining hemodynamic stability during postural changes due to their complex interaction in modifying factors like systemic vascular resistance, cardiac output, and autonomic control. Alteration in this systemic interaction can be reflected by a change in the shock index (SI) and double product (DP), serving as surrogate markers for cardiovascular efficiency and myocardial workload, respectively. This study aims to investigate how the orthostatic response and the anthropometric indices relationship can be used to assess an individual's vulnerability to dysautonomia, hypotension, or cardiovascular stress during orthostasis. Materials and methods Thirty healthy female individuals, averaging 19.5 years, who satisfied the inclusion criteria were selected for the study. Body weight, height, and body mass index were measured. Blood pressure, pulse rate, and other parameters were determined at baseline (sitting position) and after 10 minutes of standing using standard procedures. Statistical significance was accepted at P<0.05. Results Although there was no correlation between the body mass index and cardiovascular parameters after 10 minutes of standing, body weight showed a strong positive correlation with the orthostatic shock index (r=0.803). On the other hand, height correlated negatively with orthostatic systolic blood pressure (r=-0.719) and orthostatic pulse pressure (r=-0.702), respectively. Conclusion The study's findings suggest that body weight and height can be used to predict orthostatic shock index, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure in young adult females. Assessing these orthostatic responses can help refine cardiovascular risk assessments, contributing to personalized medical interventions and improved long-term health outcomes.
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