A self-assembled gold-spiked nanosphere based paper assay for sensitive glucose detection

Glucose detection plays a crucial role in health monitoring, and the development of efficient and convenient detection platforms is highly desired. This study presents a sensitive and convenient detection system for non-invasive glucose detection in sweat, which is formed by combining the self-assembled gold-spiked nanosphere (GSN) nanozyme with paper-based analytical devices (PADs). The GSN nanozyme exhibits excellent glucose oxidase-like catalytic activity, significantly enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity of glucose detection. By integrating the self-assembled GSN nanozyme with a paper-based assay, this system enables fast, cost-effective, and non-invasive glucose detection and shows minimal interference from common substances found in sweat, demonstrating its potential for practical biomedical applications.