Clinical Characteristics, Recurrences, and Complications in the Mexican Pediatric Patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada

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Luz Elena Concha-Del-Rio1, Diego Ivan Cervera-Ruiz2, Ronald Rivera-Sempértegui3

  • 1Inflammatory Eye Disease Clinic, Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|May 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease in Mexican children presents challenges due to its aggressive nature. Early diagnosis and combined steroid and immunomodulatory treatment are crucial for better visual outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a rare, systemic autoimmune disorder affecting the eyes, central nervous system, and skin.
  • Pediatric VKH disease can have a significant impact on vision and requires careful management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical characteristics, recurrence rates, and complications of VKH disease in Mexican pediatric patients.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of current treatment strategies in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of pediatric patients (≤16 years) diagnosed with VKH disease between January 1988 and February 2023.
  • Data collected included clinical findings, treatment approaches, recurrences, complications, and visual acuity outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-one pediatric patients (62 eyes) were analyzed, with a mean age of 12.06 years.
  • Initial visual acuity improved significantly after treatment (p=0.001), but 41.93% experienced recurrences.
  • Common findings included anterior chamber inflammation (70%) and serous retinal detachment (72%). Frequent complications were sunset-glow fundus (74.19%) and glaucoma (27.41%).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric VKH disease in Mexico is challenging to manage due to its aggressive course.
  • Timely diagnosis and combined systemic steroid and immunomodulatory therapy are essential for reducing recurrences and complications, leading to improved visual prognosis.
Abstract

Keywords:
Immunosuppressive agentsVogt-Koyanagi-Harada diseasepediatric uveitisrecurrencesserous retinal detachment

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