[Prehabilitation and sport in oncology]

Numerous randomized controlled trials confirm the clinical importance of exercise therapy in the management of side effects of cancer treatment. Physically active cancer patients also have a better prognosis. Since it has been known that the physical performance level before surgery is a strong prognostic factor for the occurrence of perioperative complications, the focus of interest has also been on exercise therapy-based prehabilitation. Studies in this field show that even very short interventions (2-4 weeks) can achieve lower perioperative complication rates, particularly for pulmonary complications. Even if the evidence is still limited, it can be concluded that every patient should be offered exercise therapy prehabilitation in preparation for major pulmonary or gastrointestinal surgical interventions. However, there are so far hardly any treatment structures that make this currently possible.