Comparison of In-Hospital Outcomes at Robot-Assisted Versus Open Partial Nephrectomy

Francesco Di Bello ^1,2, Natali Rodriguez Penaranda ^3,4, Andrea Marmiroli ^3,5,6

¹Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada. fran.dibello12@gmail.com.
²Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. fran.dibello12@gmail.com.
³Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
⁴Department of Urology, Ospedale Policlinico e Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
⁵Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
⁶Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
⁷Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
⁸Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
⁹Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
¹⁰Department of Urology, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
¹¹Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
¹²Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
¹³Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁴Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
¹⁵Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan.

⁰Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada. fran.dibello12@gmail.com.

Annals of Surgical Oncology +

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May 2, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Improvements in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) and open partial nephrectomy (OPN) were observed over time. Contemporary RPN demonstrated superior outcomes compared to contemporary OPN.

Area Of Science

Urology
Surgical Oncology
Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) and open partial nephrectomy (OPN) are surgical procedures for kidney tumors.
Assessing the evolution of in-hospital outcomes for these procedures is crucial for surgical practice.

Purpose Of The Study

To quantify the improvement in in-hospital outcomes for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) and open partial nephrectomy (OPN) between historical and contemporary cohorts.
To compare the outcomes of RPN versus OPN in both historical and contemporary settings.

Main Methods

Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2010-2019).
Identification of patients who underwent RPN and OPN.
Application of multivariable logistic regression models to compare outcomes.

Main Results

Both RPN and OPN showed significant improvements in in-hospital outcomes from historical (2010-2014) to contemporary (2015-2019) periods.
Contemporary RPN demonstrated better outcomes than contemporary OPN in 8 of 12 categories.
Improvements in outcomes were more pronounced for contemporary OPN compared to historical OPN (7 categories) than for contemporary RPN compared to historical RPN (6 categories).

Conclusions

While both RPN and OPN have improved over time, contemporary RPN offers superior in-hospital outcomes compared to contemporary OPN.
The magnitude of improvement from historical to contemporary procedures was greater for OPN than for RPN.
These findings highlight the evolving efficacy and benefits of RPN in contemporary surgical practice.

Keywords:

Complications NIS RCC Surgery