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Spinal Cord Stimulators Adversely Affect Outcomes in Spinal Deformity Surgery. A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Michael S Chang1,2,3, Biodun Adeniyi1,4, Dennis G Crandall1,2,3
1Sonoran Spine in Collaboration with HonorHealth, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Global Spine Journal
|May 2, 2025
Summary
Patients with prior spinal cord stimulator (SCS) placement undergoing adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery experienced worse outcomes. Despite improvements, SCS patients reported higher disability and pain scores post-surgery compared to controls.
Area of Science:
- Spine Surgery
- Neuromodulation
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery aims to correct spinal alignment and improve function.
- Spinal cord stimulators (SCS) are used for chronic pain management, but their impact on ASD surgery outcomes is unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with pre-existing SCS undergoing ASD surgery.
- To compare functional status and pain levels between ASD patients with and without prior SCS placement.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective comparative analysis of a prospective cohort.
- Ninety-four patients undergoing ASD surgery were analyzed; 33 with prior SCS were matched with 61 controls without SCS.
- Minimum 2-year follow-up was required for inclusion.
Main Results:
- SCS patients reported significantly higher Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and back Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores at 6 months and 2 years post-surgery.
- While both groups improved, SCS patients showed less improvement in ODI at 2 years.
- Radiographic parameters and complication rates were similar between groups.
Conclusions:
- Pre-existing SCS placement is associated with poorer functional outcomes and persistent pain after ASD surgery.
- Patients with SCS may not achieve the same level of pain relief or functional recovery compared to those without SCS following ASD surgery.
- Further research is needed to understand the implications of SCS in the context of ASD surgery.
