Shortcuts to Adiabaticity across a Separatrix

  • 0Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas 01:18

3.0K

When an ideal gas is compressed adiabatically, that is, without adding heat, work is done on it, and its temperature increases. In an adiabatic expansion, the gas does work, and its temperature drops. Adiabatic compressions actually occur in the cylinders of a car, where the compressions of the gas-air mixture take place so quickly that there is no time for the mixture to exchange heat with its environment. Nevertheless, because work is done on the mixture during the compression, its...

Pressure and Volume in an Adiabatic Process 01:27

2.6K

Free expansion of a gas is an adiabatic process. However, there are few differences between free expansion and adiabatic expansion. During free expansion, no work is done, and there is no change in internal energy. But, for an adiabatic expansion, work is done, and there is a change in internal energy. During an adiabatic process, the relation between the pressure and volume is obtained from the condition for the adiabatic process, that is, 

However, for a free expansion process, this...

Work Done in an Adiabatic Process 01:20

3.0K

Consider the adiabatic compression of an ideal gas in the cylinder of an automobile diesel engine. The gasoline vapor is injected into the cylinder of an automobile engine when the piston is in its expanded position. The temperature, pressure, and volume of the resulting gas-air mixture are 20 °C, 1.00 x 105 N/m2, and 240 cm3 , respectively. The mixture is then compressed adiabatically to a volume of 40 cm3. Note that, in the actual operation of an automobile engine, the compression is not...

Path Between Thermodynamics States 01:21

2.9K

Consider the two thermodynamic processes involving an ideal gas that are represented by paths AC and ABC in Figure 1:

In the first process for path A to C, the gas is kept at constant temperature T. It undergoes an expansion from volume V1 to V2.
The work done by an ideal gas is expressed as

Substituting for pressure as nRT/V from the ideal gas equation and integrating the terms, the work done by an ideal gas at constant temperature is obtained as

In the second process, for path A to B, the...

Isochoric and Isobaric Processes 01:21

3.2K

A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume is called an isochoric process. According to the first law of thermodynamics, heat supplied or removed from the system is partially utilized to perform work and change the internal energy of the system. However, in an isochoric process, the volume remains constant. Hence, the work done by the system is zero. Therefore, the exchange of heat changes the internal energy of the system only. 
Suppose 1000 g of water is heated from 40...

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition 02:33

16.5K

Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...