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Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
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Updated: May 14, 2025

Combined Invasive Subcortical and Non-invasive Surface Neurophysiological Recordings for the Assessment of Cognitive and Emotional Functions in Humans
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Phase-amplitude coupling within MEG data can identify eloquent cortex.

Srijita Das1, Kevin Tyner1, Stephen V Gliske1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 988437 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7400, United States of America.

Journal of Neural Engineering
|May 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new algorithm using phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) to objectively map the brain's somatosensory cortex in epilepsy patients, improving pre-surgical planning.

Keywords:
epilepsyfunctional cortexmagnetoencephalography (MEG)phase-amplitude coupling (PAC)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Accurate identification of eloquent cortices is crucial for minimizing post-surgical deficits in epilepsy and tumor patients.
  • Current pre-surgical mapping methods are subjective and require significant expertise, highlighting the need for objective approaches.
  • Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) shows promise as a biomarker for functional brain mapping due to its role in task-induced brain activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel phase-amplitude coupling (PAC)-based algorithm for non-invasive identification of the somatosensory eloquent cortex.
  • To utilize magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from epilepsy patients for objective pre-surgical functional mapping.
  • To establish PAC as a reliable biomarker for identifying task-specific brain activity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of somatosensory and spontaneous magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings from 30 epilepsy patients.
  • Calculation of phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) on source-reconstructed data (5-12 Hz and 30-300 Hz) followed by rank-2 tensor decomposition.
  • Application of density-based clustering and a patient-specific support vector machine (SVM) classifier to identify active brain regions based on PAC values.

Main Results:

  • The PAC algorithm successfully identified five of six expected somatosensory brain regions during stimulation (p=1.08×10-8).
  • A linear mixed-effects model confirmed statistically significant task-specific PAC in anatomically relevant regions (p < 0.01).
  • The patient-specific SVM classifier achieved high specificity (99.46%) and precision (66.9%) in identifying active brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PAC-based algorithm reliably and objectively identifies somatosensory cortex activation in epilepsy patients at both individual and population levels.
  • This study demonstrates the feasibility of using PAC as a non-invasive marker for functional brain mapping.
  • Future research will explore the application of this PAC algorithm for mapping other eloquent cortices, such as language, motor, and auditory areas.