Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

232
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
232
Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

1.4K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
1.4K
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

448
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
448
Perception01:28

Perception

404
Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
404
Gestalt Psychology01:14

Gestalt Psychology

452
Gestalt psychology, founded by Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Kohler, emphasizes the importance of understanding perception as an organized whole. Developed as a counter to Wilhelm Wundt's structuralism, this approach posits that our perceptions are more than just the sum of sensory parts; they are comprehensive wholes where the relationships between parts define the perception. The principle "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" encapsulates this view,...
452
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

270
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
270

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Chopra Wellbeing Index: Examination of Psychometric Properties.

International journal of psychiatry in medicine·2026
Same author

From randomness to recognition: modeling the evolution of DNA sequence information during enrichment for binding.

Bioinformatics advances·2026
Same author

Integrating mortality surveillance as a routine component of national essential public health functions: a blueprint for action.

BMJ public health·2026
Same author

Electrical stimulation induces differentiation onset consistent with a therapeutic approach in neuroblastoma cells.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Real-World Effectiveness of Risankizumab in Refractory Crohn's Disease: The RISANCROHN Study From the ENEIDA Registry.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2026
Same author

How hyperoxia affects systemic redox state: insights from PULSE-Ox, a randomised double-blind mechanistic feasibility trial.

BJA open·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
08:04

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

4.4K

Viewers perceive shape in pictures according to per-fixation perspective.

Daniel Martin1,2, Diego Gutierrez3, Belen Masia3

  • 1Universidad de Zaragoza, I3A, Zaragoza, Spain. danims@unizar.es.

Scientific Reports
|May 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Viewers perceive 3D shapes in pictures based on the specific linear perspective at each eye fixation, not a single consistent projection. This finding impacts understanding pictorial perception across various fields.

More Related Videos

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments
05:39

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

5.1K
Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

24.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2025

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
08:04

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

4.4K
Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments
05:39

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

5.1K
Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

24.4K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Computer Science
  • Vision Science
  • Art History

Background:

  • Current theories of pictorial projection interpretation rely on a single linear perspective.
  • These theories fail to explain the diversity of projections used in art history.
  • Hertzmann proposed a new hypothesis: pictorial 3D shape perception uses a unique linear perspective for each eye fixation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test Hertzmann's hypothesis that pictorial 3D shape perception is interpreted using a separate linear perspective for each eye fixation.
  • To investigate how viewers interpret different pictorial projections and their impact on perceived accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the per-fixation perspective hypothesis.
  • Experiments involved assessing perceived accuracy of object depictions under different projection conditions.
  • Change blindness and surface slant compensation were measured in relation to fixation points.

Main Results:

  • Object depictions were perceived as more accurate when using local linear projections aligned with the object.
  • Viewers showed change blindness to projections in peripheral vision, indicating shape perception is fixation-dependent.
  • Surface slant compensation was found to be dependent on the viewer's fixation point.

Conclusions:

  • Pictorial 3D shape perception is not based on a single, consistent linear perspective.
  • Perception of shape and its accuracy are dynamically interpreted based on the specific linear perspective at each fixation point.
  • This per-fixation perspective model better explains viewer interpretations across diverse pictorial projections.