Silver(I), Zinc(II) and Gallium(III) thiophene-2-carboxylates: Synthesis, solution and solid state characterization...

Area of Science:

• Coordination Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Metal complexes are crucial in medicinal chemistry due to their diverse biological activities.
• 2-thiophenecarboxylate (Tio2c) ligands offer unique coordination properties for metal complex synthesis.
• Understanding metal-ligand interactions and complex stability is vital for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize and characterize novel 2-thiophenecarboxylate (Tio2c) complexes of Ag(I), Zn(II), and Ga(III).
• To investigate the structural, spectral, and thermal properties of these metal complexes.
• To evaluate the biological activities (antimicrobial, anticancer) and human serum albumin (HSA) binding affinities of the synthesized complexes.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of Ag(I), Zn(II), and Ga(III) complexes with Tio2c.
• Characterization using elemental analysis, spectral (IR, NMR), and thermal analyses.
• Single crystal X-ray diffraction for structural elucidation of AgTio2c and ZnTio2c.
• Potentiometric titration and BSTAC program for stability constant determination of Zn(II) species.
• Antimicrobial, anticancer bioassays, and fluorescence spectroscopy for HSA binding studies.

Main Results:

• Three Tio2c complexes, AgTio2c, ZnTio2c, and GaTio2c, were successfully synthesized and characterized.
• Structural analysis revealed bidentate bridging coordination and argentophilic interactions in AgTio2c.
• AgTio2c demonstrated the highest antimicrobial and anticancer activity, surpassing ZnTio2c and GaTio2c.
• Stability constants for Zn(II) species in aqueous solution were determined, indicating low abundance.
• All complexes exhibited moderate binding affinities (Kb ~10^4 M^-1) to human serum albumin.

Conclusions:

• The synthesized Tio2c metal complexes possess significant biological activities, with AgTio2c being particularly potent.
• The coordination mode and stability of these complexes influence their biological efficacy.
• These metal complexes show potential for development as therapeutic agents, warranting further investigation.