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Global Cardiac Anesthesia Workforce Assessment: A Cross-Sectional Observational Survey Study.

Alexander J C Mittnacht¹, Carolina S Romero Garcia², Joshua B Cadwell³

¹Department of Anesthesiology, New York Medical College, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY.

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

|May 3, 2025

Summary

A global survey reveals significant variations in cardiac anesthesiologist training and work environments worldwide. High burnout rates (31.7%) are linked to long work hours and inadequate compensation, prompting many to seek changes for better work-life balance.

Keywords:

anesthesia workforce burnout cardiac anesthesia cardiothoracic demographics global salary survey work hours work-life

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Anesthesiology
Global Health Workforce Studies

Background:

Cardiac anesthesiology is a specialized field with a global workforce.
Understanding the demographics, training, and work environment is crucial for professional development and patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the global demographics, training background, practice setting, and work environment of cardiac anesthesiologists.
To identify factors contributing to burnout and work-life balance challenges in this profession.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional, multilingual web-based survey was conducted globally from June to December 2023.
The survey targeted anesthesiologists actively practicing cardiac anesthesia, using non-probabilistic and snowball sampling techniques.
Data were collected on demographics, training, work hours, compensation, work-life balance, and burnout (emotional exhaustion).

Main Results:

3,430 participants from 99 countries responded, revealing significant regional differences in training and demographics.
A high percentage reported informal training (42.7%) and lack of formal transesophageal echocardiography training (44.6%).
Burnout prevalence was 31.7%, associated with increased work hours, call frequency, and inadequate compensation, while older age and better work-life balance mitigated risk.

Conclusions:

The global cardiac anesthesia workforce exhibits considerable heterogeneity in training and practice conditions.
High burnout rates and dissatisfaction with compensation and work-life balance are prevalent.
Many cardiac anesthesiologists desire changes to improve their professional lives and well-being.