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Complement-fixing antibody response to rotavirus infection.

I D Gust, R C Pringle, G L Barnes

    Journal of Clinical Microbiology
    |February 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Most children develop human rotavirus antibody within weeks of illness, with levels persisting for years. Infants under six months may show a weaker antibody response to rotavirus infection.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Human rotavirus is a significant cause of childhood gastroenteritis.
    • Understanding the immune response to rotavirus infection is crucial for public health.
    • Complement-fixing (CF) antibody is a key indicator of viral infection.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the development and persistence of human rotavirus antibody in children with diarrhea.
    • To determine the prevalence of rotavirus antibody in a general population sample in Melbourne.
    • To assess the impact of age on the development of rotavirus-specific CF antibody.

    Main Methods:

    • Purification of human rotavirus complement-fixing (CF) antigen from fecal samples.
    • Measurement of CF antibody titers in children experiencing diarrhea.

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  • Analysis of CF antibody levels in a general community population sample.

    • Main Results:

    • Antibody rises in children with rotavirus diarrhea were detectable 4-6 weeks post-onset, persisting for 1-2 years.
    • Two infants under six months with confirmed rotavirus infection did not develop detectable CF antibody.
    • Community data indicated that most Melbourne children are infected with human rotavirus by age three.

    Conclusions:

    • Human rotavirus infection elicits a detectable and persistent antibody response in most children.
    • Age, particularly under six months, may influence the development of complement-fixing antibody to rotavirus.
    • High prevalence of rotavirus antibody by age three suggests widespread childhood exposure in Melbourne.