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Related Concept Videos

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

199
Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
199
Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

92
The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
92
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

160
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
160
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

36
Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
36
Peptic Ulcer Disease V: Surgical Management and Nursing Care01:25

Peptic Ulcer Disease V: Surgical Management and Nursing Care

153
Surgical management and nursing care are crucial in treating Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD). Here is an organized and enhanced overview of the surgical interventions and the associated nursing care for PUD:
Surgical Interventions for Peptic Ulcer Disease
153
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology

136
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
136

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer
06:21

Author Spotlight: Genetic Profiling for Fluorouracil Response in Gastric Cancer

Published on: May 10, 2024

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Gastric cancer.

Raghav Sundar1, Izuma Nakayama2, Sheraz R Markar3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore.

Lancet (London, England)
|May 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastric cancer is a global health issue with increasing early-onset cases. Advances in treatment, including surgery, immunotherapy, and precision medicine, aim to improve patient survival and quality of life.

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Gene Regulation and Targeted Therapy in Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis: Radiological Findings from Dual Energy CT and PET/CT
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Gastric cancer presents a significant global health burden, with high mortality rates and notable geographical incidence variations.
  • The disease is increasingly affecting individuals under 50, highlighting a concerning trend in early-onset cases.
  • Established risk factors include Helicobacter pylori infection, lifestyle choices (diet, obesity, smoking), and genetic susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of gastric cancer management.
  • To highlight recent advancements in treatment modalities and emerging therapeutic strategies.
  • To outline future directions for improving gastric cancer outcomes through precision medicine and early detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current epidemiological data on gastric cancer incidence and mortality.
  • Analysis of standard and emerging treatment protocols for locally advanced and advanced gastric cancer.
  • Exploration of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapy and targeted therapies.

Main Results:

  • Gastric cancer incidence varies geographically, with a rise in early-onset cases.
  • Standard treatments involve surgery (D2 lymphadenectomy), chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
  • Minimally invasive surgery, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted therapies are increasingly adopted for operable and advanced disease.

Conclusions:

  • Early detection and comprehensive diagnostics are critical for optimizing treatment.
  • Emerging therapies like targeted treatments and next-generation immunotherapies offer promise for improved survival.
  • Future management strategies emphasize precision medicine, immunotherapy, early detection, and multidisciplinary care to enhance overall effectiveness and prognosis.