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Related Experiment Videos

Pneumocephalus in patients with CSF shunts.

J R Ruge, L J Cerullo, D G McLone

    Journal of Neurosurgery
    |October 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pneumocephalus, or air in the skull, can occur in patients with permanent shunts. Mental status changes and headache are common symptoms, with temporary drainage often an effective treatment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurosurgery
    • Neurology
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Pneumocephalus is a rare complication associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts.
    • Understanding its etiologies and management is crucial for patient care.

    Observation:

    • Two new cases of pneumocephalus in patients with permanent shunts are presented.
    • A review of nine prior cases reveals common symptoms and predisposing factors.

    Findings:

    • Mental status changes and headache are the most frequent presenting symptoms.
    • Hydrocephalus secondary to aqueductal stenosis is a significant predisposing factor, potentially due to thinned CSF barriers.
    • Temporary extraventricular drainage is an effective treatment for this specific patient group.

    Implications:

    • Identifying specific etiologies aids in tailoring treatment strategies.
    • The role of craniotomy in managing complex cases warrants consideration.
    • Further research into shunt-related complications can improve patient outcomes.

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