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Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
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Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

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Impact of Prematurity and Neonatal Complications on the Development of Dyslexia

Miguel López-Zamora1, Nadia Porcar-Gozalbo2, Isabel López-Chicheri3

  • 1Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
|May 5, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Prematurity alone doesn't predict dyslexia, but neonatal complications like intraventricular hemorrhage can worsen reading difficulties in preterm children. Early assessment is crucial for at-risk infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Prematurity is associated with increased neurodevelopmental disorder risk, including dyslexia.
  • Neonatal complications such as intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, and respiratory distress syndrome can affect brain maturation.
  • Understanding the interplay between prematurity, neonatal factors, and reading development is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between prematurity, specific neonatal conditions, and the risk of dyslexia.
  • To determine if early-life factors predict reading difficulties and dyslexia in a cohort of children.
  • To analyze the impact of neonatal variables on reading performance.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 120 children was divided into four groups: preterm with dyslexia, preterm without dyslexia, full-term with dyslexia, and full-term without dyslexia.
  • Key neonatal variables (gestational age, birth weight, APGAR scores, complications, NICU admission) were collected.
  • Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the predictive value of neonatal factors on reading performance.

Main Results:

  • Prematurity and neonatal complications alone did not significantly predict dyslexia diagnosis.
  • A negative trend was observed between intraventricular hemorrhage/periventricular leukomalacia and reading comprehension/word decoding.
  • These conditions may exacerbate reading difficulties in preterm children.

Conclusions:

  • Prematurity without additional risk factors does not inevitably lead to dyslexia.
  • Specific neonatal complications can increase the severity of reading difficulties in preterm infants.
  • Early screening and targeted interventions are vital for at-risk preterm children's reading development.

Keywords:
dyslexialanguage impairmentneonatal complicationspremature birthreading difficulties

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