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Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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Detecting Virus and Salivary Proteins of a Leafhopper Vector in the Plant Host
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Phenylpropanoid Metabolites Mediate Antiviral Defense and Vector Resistance in Rice Infected With RRSV, RGSV, and

Shaoyuan Lü1, Zhihong Zhu1, Xiyuan Yu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.

Plant, Cell & Environment
|May 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rice plants infected with three viruses show dwarfing and increased tillering. Phenylpropanoid compounds accumulate, boosting lignin and reinforcing cell walls, offering new targets for virus-resistant rice breeding.

Keywords:
brown planthopper feedinglignin accumulationmulti‐omics analysisphenylpropanoid pathwayrice viral infections

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Rice viruses cause significant global yield losses, impacting food security.
  • Dwarfing viruses like rice ragged stunt virus, rice grassy stunt virus, and Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus are major threats.
  • Understanding rice's molecular response to these pathogens is crucial for developing resistant varieties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the common and distinct molecular responses of rice to three specific dwarfing viruses using a multi-omics approach.
  • To identify key metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in rice-virus interactions.
  • To explore potential targets for enhancing rice resistance to viral diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-omics analysis including transcriptome, small RNA sequencing, and metabolome profiling.
  • Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolites in infected rice plants.
  • Analysis of lignin content, hormone signaling pathways, and phenylpropanoid intermediates.

Main Results:

  • All three viruses induced dwarfing and increased tillering in rice.
  • Significant accumulation of phenylpropanoid intermediates like ferulic acid (FA) and cinnamic acid (CA) was observed.
  • Despite downregulated lignin biosynthesis genes, total lignin content increased, indicating feedback regulation for cell wall reinforcement.
  • Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling was elevated, while ethylene and abscisic acid pathways were suppressed.
  • Exogenous application of FA and CA promoted lignin deposition and inhibited brown planthopper feeding.

Conclusions:

  • The phenylpropanoid pathway is a critical link between plant structural reinforcement and defense responses against viral pathogens and insect vectors.
  • Specific molecular pathways, including hormone signaling, are reprogrammed during viral infection, potentially affecting plant defense.
  • These findings offer novel targets for breeding virus-resistant rice cultivars and provide insights into plant-pathogen-insect interactions.