Body Image Distress and Depression in Head and Neck Cancer Patients- a Narrative Review

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Psychology
• Quality of Life Research

Background:

• Body image distress (BID) and depression are prevalent psychosocial challenges in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.
• The complex interplay between BID and depression in HNC is not fully understood, impacting self-perception and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize evidence on the relationship between BID and depression in HNC patients.
• To identify determinants and explore interventions for improving psychosocial outcomes in HNC survivors.

Main Methods:

• A non-systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar (Dec 2024-Jan 2025).
• Included studies published between 2019-2024 focusing on BID and depression in HNC patients and survivors.
• Reviewed qualitative and quantitative studies analyzing prevalence, risk factors, quality of life, and interventions.

Main Results:

• A bidirectional relationship exists between BID and depression in HNC, with each condition exacerbating the other.
• Key determinants include younger age, female gender, advanced cancer stage, extensive treatments, social isolation, and aesthetic dissatisfaction.
• BID and depression negatively impact quality of life, social-emotional functioning, and treatment adherence.

Conclusions:

• BID and depression are interrelated and significantly affect HNC patient well-being.
• A multidisciplinary approach integrating psychological, functional, and aesthetic support is essential.
• Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and culturally sensitive interventions.