Effect of Hormonal Changes in Pre and Post-Menopausal Women Related Acoustical Voice Markers

Voice, in its most extensive definition, refers to the sound utilized for the transmission of thoughts, concepts, and opinions. This study investigates how vocal characteristics and function are affected by hormones during the process of aging and pregnancy. Through a systematic review of relevant literature during the period of 1965 to 2024, understanding the relationship between menopausal hormonal fluctuations and age-related vocal changes was carried out. The review identifies significant alterations in voice parameters linked to menopause, such as decreased fundamental frequency, increased vocal instability, and reduced voice quality in post- menopausal women compared to pre-menopausal women. Additionally, the analysis explores age-related vocal changes, noting gender differences. The results from the study show that the men generally experience a rise in speaking voice frequency with age, while women vocal trajectory is less clear. The findings emphasize the need for personalized interventions to address voice changes related to aging and hormonal shifts. By illuminating these complex vocal modulations across the lifespan, the review sets an underlying structure for the next studies aimed at optimizing voice care and improving the quality of life for those undergoing hormonal transitions and aging.