Biological Functions and Synthesis of the Active Components in Antrodia camphorata

As a fungus endemic to Taiwan, Antrodia camphorata contains a variety of medicinally active substances, such as polysaccharides, triterpenoids, maleic acid and succinic acid derivatives, and ubiquinone derivatives. A. camphorata has attracted widespread attention due to its uniqueness, rarity, remarkable efficacy, and high economic value. In this work, we analyze the recent progress and future development of the artificial culture of mycelium of A. camphorata. This Review focuses on the types, properties, functions, and mechanisms of action of the characteristic active substances of A. camphorata and summarizes the methods of metabolic regulation and biosynthesis of the characteristic active substances. This Review provides valuable information for research on the metabolic regulation and efficacy analysis of the active substances and provides a theoretical basis for the in-depth development of the active ingredients in A. camphorata.