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[MSB-63] The Demographic Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Open Heart Surgery: A Cardiac Center Perspective
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Insights
The average age of patients undergoing open heart surgery increased over time. Post-pandemic, there was a rise in emergency surgeries and coronary bypass procedures, indicating COVID-19
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted healthcare systems globally.
- Understanding demographic shifts in surgical patient populations is crucial for healthcare planning.
- The pandemic's long-term effects on elective and emergency surgical procedures require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze demographic and procedural changes in adult open heart surgery patients.
- To compare patient demographics and surgical characteristics across pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods.
- To assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on open heart surgery trends.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 12,409 adult open heart surgery cases (March 2018-March 2024).
- Cases categorized into prepandemic (March 2018-March 2020), pandemic (March 2020-March 2022), and postpandemic (March 2022-March 2024) groups.
- Statistical analysis of demographic parameters (age, sex, BMI) and surgical details (type, timing).
Main Results:
- Mean patient age significantly increased across all periods (p<0.05).
- The pandemic group showed higher proportions of male patients, isolated coronary bypass surgeries, and emergency procedures (p<0.05).
- Complex coronary bypass surgeries significantly increased post-pandemic compared to pre-pandemic and pandemic periods (p<0.05).
Conclusions:
- Patient age undergoing open heart surgery has progressively increased.
- The rise in emergency and coronary bypass surgeries post-pandemic suggests direct and indirect COVID-19 impacts.
- Demographic shifts highlight the need for adaptive strategies in cardiovascular surgery care pathways.
Objective:
This study aimed to present the demographic changes from the pre-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic period to the postpandemic period.
Methods:
In this retrospective study, 12,409 cases of adult open heart surgery performed between March 2018 and March 2024 were reviewed. The cases were divided into three groups: the pandemic group spanning from March 2020, when the pandemic was declared, to March 2022, when pandemic restrictions were lifted in Türkiye; the prepandemic group from March 2018 to March 2020; and the postpandemic group from March 2022 to March 2024. The cases were statistically analyzed based on parameters such as age, sex, weight, height, body mass index, body surface area, surgical timing, and procedure type.
Results:
Statistically significant increases in mean age were observed for cases before, during, and after the pandemic (p<0.05). In the pandemic group, the proportion of male patients, isolated coronary bypass surgeries, and emergency surgical procedures were significantly higher compared to the prepandemic and postpandemic groups (p<0.05). Additionally, the rate of combined complex surgery with coronary bypass significantly increased after the pandemic compared to before and during the pandemic (p<0.05).
Conclusion:
The age of cases undergoing open heart surgery has advanced over time. The increase in the rate of emergency surgical procedures and coronary bypass surgeries after the pandemic suggests both direct and indirect effects of COVID-19.
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