Could Ghrelin Expression Regulate Diastolic Cardiac Function in Type 2 Diabetic Obese Patients?

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

• Adipose tissue cytokines, sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), and microRNAs (miRs) influence left ventricle diastolic function (LV-DF).
• Ghrelin may modulate these pathways in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Purpose of the Study:

• Investigate ghrelin expression in T2DM obese patients post-abdominal fat excision.
• Assess the impact of abdominal fat excision on LV-DF normalization at one-year follow-up.

Main Methods:

• Two hundred and two T2DM obese patients undergoing abdominoplasty were categorized by LV-DF severity.
• Tissue and serum markers, including inflammatory cytokines, SIRT1, sodium-glucose-transporter-two (SGLT2), ghrelin, and miRs (miR-21, miR-92, miR-126), were analyzed.

Main Results:

• Patients with LV-diastolic dysfunction exhibited higher inflammation, SGLT2, and altered miR expression, with lower SIRT1.
• Abdominal fat excision led to reduced inflammation and SGLT2, increased serum ghrelin, and favorable miR expression changes.
• LV-DF normalization at follow-up was predicted by tissue miR-126 and serum ghrelin levels.

Conclusions:

• Abdominal fat excision in T2DM obese patients reduces inflammation and modulates SIRT1, SGLT2, ghrelin, and miRs.
• These changes contribute to left ventricle diastolic function normalization one year post-surgery.
• Ghrelin and specific miRs play a role in predicting LV-DF recovery after fat reduction surgery.