Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

3.9K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
3.9K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.2K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.2K
Sign Test for Nominal Data01:12

Sign Test for Nominal Data

51
The sign test is a nonparametric method used to evaluate hypotheses about the median of a single sample or to compare the medians of two related samples. The sign test is particularly useful when dealing with nominal data, which includes distinct categories without an inherent order, such as names, labels, and preferences. Nominal data restricts statistical analysis to evaluating population proportions rather than mean or median values that require continuous data.
For example, consider a...
51
Choosing Between z and t Distribution01:25

Choosing Between z and t Distribution

2.7K
The z and the Student t distribution estimate the population mean using the sample mean and standard deviation. However, to decide which distribution to use for a calculation, one needs to determine the sample size, the nature of the distribution, and whether the population standard deviation is known. If the population standard deviation is known and the population is normally distributed, or if the sample size is greater than 30, the z distribution is preferred. The Student t distribution is...
2.7K
Introduction to z Scores01:05

Introduction to z Scores

303
A z score (or standardized value) is measured in units of the standard deviation. It indicates how many standard deviations the value x is above (to the right of) or below (to the left of) the mean, μ. Values of x that are larger than the mean have positive z scores, and values of x that are smaller than the mean have negative z scores. If x equals the mean, then x has a zero z score. It is important to note that the mean of the z scores is zero, and the standard deviation is one.
z scores...
303
Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test II01:17

Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test II

159
The Wald-Wolfowitz runs test, commonly referred to as the runs test, is a nonparametric test used to assess the randomness of ordered data. The test evaluates the number of runs, which are consecutive sequences of similar elements within the data. If the number of runs is significantly higher or lower than expected, the data is considered non-random, indicating a detectable pattern or structure.
For binary data, runs are identified using symbols such as + and −, or equivalently, 1s and...
159

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gut microbiota-derived indole-3-propionic acid alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating FMO2 in MASLD.

Hepatology communications·2026
Same author

Programmable Bipolar Photocurrents in Water-Templated Nanoporous Ferroelectrics for Filter-Free Spectral Recognition.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Bifidobacterium breve inhibits colorectal cancer via extracellular vesicles containing formate acetyltransferase.

Journal of nanobiotechnology·2026
Same author

Gut microbiota-mediated branched-chain amino acid metabolism: A novel mechanism by which Bacteroides uniformis improves type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism·2026
Same author

Identification of time-varying contaminant discharge rates using a data-driven Transformer model.

Journal of contaminant hydrology·2026
Same author

Tamoxifen induced hepatotoxicity via gut microbiota-mediated hyodeoxycholic acid depletion and Farnesoid X receptor signaling disruption.

Gut microbes·2026
Same journal

Epidemiological characteristics of amebiasis in Japan from 2001 to 2022.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Longitudinal associations of academic stress with eating related patterns, nutrition, somatic indicators, and depressive symptoms in university students: A study protocol.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Pollution removal efficiency enhancement by agricultural biomass additions in constructed wetlands: A framework integrating meta-analysis with explainable machine learning.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Insulation failure mapping on power transformer bushing using FRA and electrostatic simulation.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Enhancing medical Q&A systems with multimodal knowledge graphs and dual-layer attention mechanisms.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

UAMP: Consistent video object segmentation with uncertainty-aware memory propagation.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.4K

A sequential three-way decision model based on linguistic Z-numbers.

Yi Mao1,2,3, Yaning Xu4,2,3, Yuezhong Fan2,3

  • 1School of Economics and Management, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, China.

Plos One
|May 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a sequential three-way decision model to efficiently sort information described by Linguistic Z-numbers (LZs). The new model improves decision-making efficiency by prioritizing attributes and subdividing delayed judgments.

More Related Videos

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

10.7K
The Three-Chamber Choice Behavioral Task using Zebrafish as a Model System
07:55

The Three-Chamber Choice Behavioral Task using Zebrafish as a Model System

Published on: April 14, 2021

3.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2025

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.4K
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

10.7K
The Three-Chamber Choice Behavioral Task using Zebrafish as a Model System
07:55

The Three-Chamber Choice Behavioral Task using Zebrafish as a Model System

Published on: April 14, 2021

3.7K

Area of Science:

  • Information Science and Decision Theory
  • Artificial Intelligence and Fuzzy Systems

Background:

  • Linguistic Z-numbers (LZs) combine fuzzy constraints and reliability for information representation, widely used across industries.
  • Existing sorting methods for LZs become inefficient with increasing data volumes.
  • Three-way decision models offer computational efficiency by partitioning objects into acceptance, deferment, and rejection regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the efficiency of decision-making processes involving Linguistic Z-numbers.
  • To propose a novel sequential three-way decision model tailored for LZs.
  • To address computational inefficiencies in sorting and decision-making with complex information.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a three-way decision model with LZs (TWDZ) integrating fuzzy constraints and reliability.
  • Introduction of attribute hierarchy to prioritize distinguishing features of alternatives.
  • Sequential subdivision of objects within the delay domain based on attribute priority.

Main Results:

  • A sequential three-way decision model (STWDZ) was successfully proposed and developed.
  • Attribute hierarchy effectively prioritizes decision-making criteria.
  • The model demonstrated improved efficiency in handling complex information sorting and decision tasks.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed STWDZ model significantly enhances decision-making efficiency for LZs.
  • The model offers a practical solution for complex decision problems, exemplified by electric vehicle charging station design.
  • This approach contributes to efficient data processing in fields like the double carbon economy.