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Benchmarking Quantum Gates and Circuits.

Vinay Tripathi1,2, Daria Kowsari1,2, Kumar Saurav2,3

  • 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.

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|May 5, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate noise characterization is crucial for quantum computing. This study introduces Deterministic Benchmarking (DB), a novel, resource-efficient protocol that effectively identifies quantum errors, advancing reliable quantum simulations and fault-tolerant quantum computing.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Computing
  • Quantum Error Characterization

Background:

  • Accurate noise characterization in quantum gates and circuits is essential for developing reliable quantum simulations and fault-tolerant quantum computing.
  • Existing benchmarking techniques like Randomized Benchmarking and Quantum Process Tomography have limitations in resource requirements and error characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and evaluate existing quantum benchmarking techniques.
  • To introduce and validate a novel protocol, Deterministic Benchmarking (DB), for efficient and comprehensive quantum error characterization.
  • To provide a practical guide for selecting and applying quantum benchmarking protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Review and comparative analysis of established quantum benchmarking techniques (Randomized Benchmarking, Quantum Process Tomography, Gate Set Tomography, Process Fidelity Estimation, Direct Fidelity Estimation, Cross-Entropy Benchmarking).
  • Introduction and theoretical description of Deterministic Benchmarking (DB).
  • Experimental validation of DB using a superconducting transmon qubit, supported by analytical models and master equation simulations.

Main Results:

  • Evaluation of existing methods highlights complexities, resource demands, and effectiveness against coherent, incoherent, and state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors.
  • Deterministic Benchmarking (DB) is shown to minimize experimental runs and demonstrate resilience to SPAM errors.
  • DB effectively characterizes both coherent and incoherent errors, validated experimentally and through simulations.

Conclusions:

  • Deterministic Benchmarking (DB) offers a significant advancement in quantum error characterization, complementing existing methods.
  • The developed protocol is practical for implementation and contributes to the development of more reliable quantum computing technologies.
  • This work serves as a guide for researchers in selecting appropriate benchmarking protocols for their specific quantum computing applications.