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Benchmarking Quantum Gates and Circuits
Vinay Tripathi1,2, Daria Kowsari1,2, Kumar Saurav2,3
1Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.
Chemical Reviews
|May 5, 2025
Summary
Accurate noise characterization is crucial for quantum computing. This study introduces Deterministic Benchmarking (DB), a novel, resource-efficient protocol that effectively identifies quantum errors, advancing reliable quantum simulations and fault-tolerant quantum computing.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Quantum Computing
- Quantum Error Characterization
Background:
- Accurate noise characterization in quantum gates and circuits is essential for developing reliable quantum simulations and fault-tolerant quantum computing.
- Existing benchmarking techniques like Randomized Benchmarking and Quantum Process Tomography have limitations in resource requirements and error characterization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and evaluate existing quantum benchmarking techniques.
- To introduce and validate a novel protocol, Deterministic Benchmarking (DB), for efficient and comprehensive quantum error characterization.
- To provide a practical guide for selecting and applying quantum benchmarking protocols.
Main Methods:
- Review and comparative analysis of established quantum benchmarking techniques (Randomized Benchmarking, Quantum Process Tomography, Gate Set Tomography, Process Fidelity Estimation, Direct Fidelity Estimation, Cross-Entropy Benchmarking).
- Introduction and theoretical description of Deterministic Benchmarking (DB).
- Experimental validation of DB using a superconducting transmon qubit, supported by analytical models and master equation simulations.
Main Results:
- Evaluation of existing methods highlights complexities, resource demands, and effectiveness against coherent, incoherent, and state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors.
- Deterministic Benchmarking (DB) is shown to minimize experimental runs and demonstrate resilience to SPAM errors.
- DB effectively characterizes both coherent and incoherent errors, validated experimentally and through simulations.
Conclusions:
- Deterministic Benchmarking (DB) offers a significant advancement in quantum error characterization, complementing existing methods.
- The developed protocol is practical for implementation and contributes to the development of more reliable quantum computing technologies.
- This work serves as a guide for researchers in selecting appropriate benchmarking protocols for their specific quantum computing applications.
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