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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
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Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

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Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective...
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Immunolabelling Myofiber Degeneration in Muscle Biopsies
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Muscle weakness with a hidden cause.

Sandro Manuel Mueller1, Jacques Emanuel Schaefer2, Tibor Hortobagyi3

  • 1Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Münsterlingen, Münsterlingen, TG, Switzerland sandro.mueller@stgag.ch.

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Dermatomyositis, a rare autoimmune disorder, can be linked to hidden cancers. This case highlights the importance of searching for malignancy in patients diagnosed with dermatomyositis.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityMusculoskeletal syndromesUrological cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Oncology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are autoimmune disorders causing muscle weakness.
  • Dermatomyositis (DM), a type of IIM, presents with muscle weakness, skin rash, and increased cancer risk.
  • Paraneoplastic syndromes, like DM, can manifest with underlying malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of dermatomyositis associated with a non-palpable pure seminoma.
  • To emphasize the significance of a comprehensive malignancy search in DM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical presentation of a middle-aged male with progressive proximal muscle weakness and characteristic skin findings.
  • Laboratory investigations including elevated creatine kinase levels.
  • Diagnostic confirmation of dermatomyositis and subsequent oncological screening.

Main Results:

  • The patient was diagnosed with dermatomyositis based on clinical and laboratory findings.
  • A hidden pure seminoma was discovered during the malignancy workup.
  • This association between DM and seminoma is noted as extremely rare.

Conclusions:

  • Dermatomyositis can present as a paraneoplastic phenomenon, even with rare underlying tumors like seminoma.
  • A thorough and comprehensive tumor search is crucial in the diagnostic workup of patients with dermatomyositis.
  • Early detection of malignancy associated with DM can improve patient outcomes.