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Related Experiment Videos

Parietal lobe mechanisms for directed visual attention.

J C Lynch, V B Mountcastle, W H Talbot

    Journal of Neurophysiology
    |March 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Visuomotor neurons in the inferior parietal lobule (area 7) are crucial for directed visual attention. Their activity correlates with motivated eye movements like fixation, tracking, and saccades, guiding gaze toward desired visual targets.

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    Cortico-cortical networks and cortico-subcortical loops for the higher control of eye movements.

    Progress in brain research·2005

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Oculomotor control
    • Primate neurophysiology

    Background:

    • The inferior parietal lobule, specifically area 7, plays a role in visually guided behavior.
    • Understanding the neural mechanisms of directed visual attention and eye movements is critical for cognitive neuroscience.
    • Previous research has implicated area 7 in sensorimotor transformations, but specific neuronal correlates of motivated gaze control remain to be fully elucidated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the physiological properties of single cortical cells in area 7 of the primate brain.
    • To correlate neuronal activity with oculomotor components of directed visual attention, including fixation, tracking, and saccadic eye movements.
    • To identify and classify neuron types involved in motivated visual-motor behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-unit extracellular recordings were performed in area 7 of alert, behaving monkeys.
    • Neuronal activity was recorded during tasks involving fixation of stationary targets, smooth pursuit of moving targets, and saccadic eye movements to new targets.
    • Neurons were identified and classified based on their response properties and cytoarchitectural layer.

    Main Results:

    • A total of 907 neurons in area 7 were identified, with 480 localized by layer.
    • Most area 7 cells are visuomotor neurons, exhibiting increased discharge during motivated fixation and eye movements.
    • Three main classes were identified: fixation neurons (active during desired object fixation), tracking neurons (active during smooth pursuit), and saccade neurons (active before/during visually evoked saccades).

    Conclusions:

    • Area 7 contains specialized visuomotor neurons critical for motivated gaze control.
    • Fixation neurons are modulated by motivational drive and gaze fields, with some suppressed during saccades.
    • Tracking and saccade neurons exhibit distinct activity patterns related to specific oculomotor behaviors.

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