Flywheel resistance training: Functionality and strength in older women - A randomized controlled trial

Resistance training enhances functionality and strength in older populations, but the comparative effectiveness of traditional versus inertial flywheel modalities is under-researched. This study evaluates the effect of these modalities on functionality and strength in older women.

In a parallel two-group randomized controlled trial, 36 sedentary older women (≥60 years) without psychiatric disorders or uncontrolled chronic diseases were randomly assigned to either the inertial flywheel group (n = 18) using a multi-leg isoinertial device, or the traditional resistance training group (n = 18) using gym machines and free weights. Conducted from May to December 2023 at the Federal University of Viçosa, both groups performed six generic exercises over eight weeks (two sessions per week). Functionality and muscle strength were assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery and Timed Up and Go tests. Blinding was maintained using opaque envelopes managed by an external researcher.

One participant from the traditional group withdrew, requiring data imputation. Both groups showed significant improvements in functionality (Short Physical Performance Battery scores, p = 0.008; Timed Up and Go times, p = 0.025) and strength (isometric, dynamic, and explosive). No significant differences between groups were observed (p > 0.05), with small to moderate effect sizes (ηp2 = 0.01 to 0.06) and low statistical power (1-β < 0.80). Adverse events were minor (grade 1).

Both traditional and inertial flywheel resistance training significantly improved functionality and strength in older women over 16 sessions. Either training approach can enhance physical performance in this population.