Optimization, Preparation, and Cytotoxic Potential of Pyrus communis Extract Loaded Ethosomes on Skin Cancer Cell...

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology and Dermatology
• Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery

Background:

• Skin cancer is a global health concern with limited treatment options due to poor bioavailability and resistance.
• Pyrus communis (Pear) fruit extract, rich in phenolic compounds like chlorogenic acid, shows potential for topical skin disease therapy.
• Ethosomal formulations offer enhanced delivery of active compounds for dermatological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the cytotoxic potential of Pyrus communis extract encapsulated in ethosomes against skin cancer cells.
• To characterize the physicochemical properties and stability of the optimized ethosomal formulation.

Main Methods:

• Pyrus communis fruit extract was formulated into ethosomes using the hot method and optimized via central composite design.
• Ethosomes were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, morphology (TEM), and stability.
• In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay on the A431 epidermoid carcinoma cell line.

Main Results:

• Optimized ethosomes exhibited a particle size of 699 nm and a zeta potential of -16.07, with a spherical structure.
• GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of chlorogenic acid, arbutin, ursolic acid, quercetin, and epicatechin in the extract.
• Ethosomal Pyrus communis extract demonstrated superior cytotoxic activity against skin cancer cells compared to the free extract.

Conclusions:

• Pyrus communis extract-loaded ethosomes prepared by the hot method show significant cytotoxic potential against skin cancer cell lines.
• This ethosomal formulation represents a promising strategy for developing novel topical treatments for skin cancer.
• Further mechanistic studies and in vivo evaluations are warranted to explore its therapeutic applications.