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Related Concept Videos

Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
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Transcriptomic Features of Recurrence Rates in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis.

Shengjie Ying1,2, Peter Y F Zeng1,2, Kevin Fung1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

The Laryngoscope
|May 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) patients with lower recurrence rates retain respiratory cilia. Higher recurrence rates in iSGS correlate with adaptive immune responses and extracellular matrix changes, offering potential prognostic markers.

Keywords:
B cellRNA sequencingadaptive immunityextracellular matrixfibrosisidiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS)surgical endoscopic dilation

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Genomics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) is a rare airway disease predominantly affecting females, often leading to recurrent stenosis and repeated surgical interventions.
  • The underlying pathophysiology driving iSGS disease severity and recurrence remains poorly understood.
  • Identifying molecular differences between iSGS patients with varying recurrence rates is crucial for understanding disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate transcriptomic differences in subglottic tissues between iSGS patients exhibiting high versus low surgical dilation rates.
  • To identify potential molecular markers associated with iSGS recurrence.
  • To explore novel therapeutic targets for managing iSGS.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of bulk RNA sequencing data from subglottic tissues of 56 female iSGS patients.
  • Differential gene expression analysis using DESeq2 to compare high (≥1.19 dilations/year) and low (≤0.65 dilations/year) recurrence groups.
  • Pathway enrichment analysis to identify biological processes associated with recurrence rates.

Main Results:

  • 220 genes were significantly differentially expressed between high and low recurrence iSGS groups.
  • The high recurrence group showed increased expression of genes related to adaptive immunity and extracellular matrix organization.
  • The low recurrence group exhibited higher expression of genes associated with respiratory cilia structure and function.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptomic profiles reveal distinct molecular signatures associated with iSGS recurrence.
  • Retention of respiratory cilia may be linked to lower iSGS recurrence.
  • Increased adaptive immune responses and extracellular matrix deposition are associated with higher iSGS recurrence, suggesting potential prognostic and therapeutic targets.