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Developing multifunctional zwitterionic-xanthan gum-anchored network copolymers for biomedical applications.

Vikrant Sharma¹, Disha Kapil¹, Baljit Singh¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India. vikrant19chem@gmail.com.

|May 6, 2025

Summary

New zwitterionic polymer hydrogels were created using xanthan gum for drug delivery. These mucoadhesive and biocompatible materials show promise for gastrointestinal applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Xanthan gum (XG), a bacterial polysaccharide, is explored for drug delivery due to its biocompatibility.
Developing advanced hydrogel systems is crucial for effective and targeted drug delivery, especially for gastrointestinal applications.
Zwitterionic polymers offer unique properties like biocompatibility and mucoadhesion, making them attractive for biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize novel mucoadhesive and biocompatible hydrogels.
To investigate the potential of these hydrogels as drug delivery carriers for gastrointestinal applications.
To graft poly(MEDSAH) onto xanthan gum for enhanced hydrogel properties.

Main Methods:

Free radical graft polymerization of poly(MEDSAH) onto xanthan gum, followed by crosslinking with NNMBA.
Characterization using XRD, FTIR, 13C-NMR, TGA-DSC, FESEM, EDX, and AFM.
Evaluation of drug release kinetics (ertapenem), bioadhesion, biocompatibility (hemolysis assay), and antioxidant activity (DPPH assay).

Main Results:

Successful grafting of poly(MEDSAH) onto the XG backbone was confirmed by spectroscopic and elemental analyses.
The resulting hydrogels exhibited heterogeneous morphology, surface roughness, and altered thermal properties compared to native XG.
Controlled release of ertapenem was observed, following non-Fickian diffusion kinetics (Higuchi model), with significant mucoadhesion, biocompatibility, and antioxidant properties.

Conclusions:

The developed xanthan gum-based zwitterionic hydrogels possess favorable physicochemical and biomedical properties.
These hydrogels demonstrate significant potential for use as effective drug delivery carriers in gastrointestinal applications.
The combination of mucoadhesion, biocompatibility, and controlled drug release makes these materials highly promising for therapeutic use.