Examination of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value and Lymphocyte-Monocyte Ratio in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Studies about inflammation indices are becoming increasingly common. Inflammation is thought to play an important role in the aetiopathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

In this study, we aimed to compare sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients and patients in a control group in terms of pan-immune-inflammation value and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio and to determine the relationship of these indices with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

The research was designed as a retrospective, case-control study. The archival records of patients diagnosed with sudden sensorineural hearing loss between 1 January 2018 and 1 May 2023 were scanned. Within the scope of the study, age, gender, amount of hearing loss, hearing loss accompanied by vertiginous symptoms, hearing loss accompanied by tinnitus, full blood count results, pan-immune-inflammation value and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio were analysed between the groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the independent samples t-test, Chi-square test and Pearson correlation analysis.

Leukocyte, neutrophil, platelet and pan-immune-inflammation values were found to be significantly higher in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (P values: 0.023, <0.001, 0.010, <0.001, respectively). Lymphocyte and monocyte values were significantly lower (P values: <0.001, 0.006, respectively). There was no significant difference in terms of lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (P = 0.455). There was no relationship between tinnitus, vertiginous symptoms and blood parameters. There was a positive correlation between neutrophil value and the amount of hearing loss (P = 0.036).

In our study, the pan-immune-inflammation value was significantly higher in sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients. A statistically significant relationship was detected between high neutrophil values and the amount of hearing loss. These results can be evaluated on the basis of the inflammation-ischaemia relationship in the aetiopathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.