Risk Factors and Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Geriatric Patients with Hip Fractures: A Retrospective Study

Area of Science:

• Geriatric Medicine
• Trauma Surgery
• Emergency Medicine

Background:

• Hip fractures are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population.
• Geriatric hip fracture patients frequently require emergency department (ED) admission.
• Understanding predictors of in-hospital mortality is crucial for improving outcomes in this vulnerable group.

Purpose of the Study:

• To clinically evaluate geriatric patients admitted to the ED with hip fractures.
• To identify significant risk factors and predictors associated with in-hospital mortality.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of patients aged 65 years and older diagnosed with hip fractures in an ED.
• Data collected between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018.
• Multiple logistic regression analysis employed to determine risk factors for in-hospital mortality.

Main Results:

• Analyzed 319 geriatric hip fracture patients (mean age 80.8 years; 63.9% female).
• High prevalence of comorbidities (77.4%), notably hypertension and osteoporosis.
• In-hospital mortality rate was 8.5%; predictors included increased pulse rate, elevated venous lactate, lower serum calcium, total leukocyte count, and longer hospital stay.

Conclusions:

• Initial ED presentation parameters like pulse rate, venous lactate, serum calcium, and leukocyte count are critical indicators.
• Prolonged hospitalization duration is a significant risk factor for mortality in geriatric hip fracture patients.
• These findings highlight modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing outcomes in elderly hip fracture patients.