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Eye-movement patterns for perceiving bistable figures.

Yi-Hsuan Hsu1,2, Chien-Chung Chen1,3,4

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Perception of bistable figures, like the duck/rabbit, depends on where you look. Eye fixation patterns and shifts, influenced by factors like local saliency, directly correlate with changes in visual perception and reversals.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Bistable figures elicit alternating percepts, with eye fixation hypothesized to influence perception by focusing on specific features.
  • Inhibition of return (IOR) is a mechanism where prolonged attention to a location suppresses reallocation to it, promoting shifts in visual attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between eye fixation patterns and percept reversals in bistable figures.
  • To determine the role of inhibition of return (IOR) in the process of percept shifts.
  • To explore how manipulating local saliency affects fixation patterns and perception.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized eye-tracking technology to record eye movements and percept reversals during observation of the duck/rabbit and Necker cube figures.
  • Conducted experiments manipulating inward bias and local saliency (using masks) to observe their effects on perception and eye movements.

Main Results:

  • Distinct eye fixation patterns were observed for different percepts, with fixation shifts preceding percept reversals.
  • Inward bias significantly affected the initial percept of the duck/rabbit figure, but this effect decreased over time.
  • Masking local saliency increased percept reversals and fixation shifts, demonstrating that changes in saliency drive attention shifts and perceptual changes.

Conclusions:

  • Perceptual outcomes of bistable figures are directly linked to eye fixation locations and dynamics.
  • Fixation shifts, driven by saliency changes and potentially modulated by IOR, are critical for initiating percept reversals.
  • Visual attention allocation, as reflected in eye movements, fundamentally determines subjective visual experience.