[Novel foods-What must be considered?]

Area of Science:

• Food Science
• Allergology
• Toxicology

Context:

• Novel foods, not widely consumed in the EU before 1997, present new allergen risks.
• Edible insects, chia seeds, and natto are examples of novel foods with potential allergenic properties.
• Increasing global trade and interest in alternative food sources necessitate understanding novel food allergens.

Purpose:

• To evaluate the allergenic potential of selected novel foods.
• To identify potential cross-reactivities between novel food allergens and known allergens.
• To raise awareness about the risks of allergic reactions associated with novel food consumption.

Summary:

• Edible insects may cause anaphylaxis, with cross-sensitivity to crustaceans and shellfish being a future concern.
• Chia seeds, rich in fiber and omega-3s, pose risks of cross-reactions with sesame and labiate seeds.
• Natto consumption can lead to delayed anaphylaxis due to allergens like nattokinase and polyglutamic acid (PGA), with PGA potentially acquired through skin contact.

Impact:

• Informing consumers and regulatory bodies about the allergenic risks of novel foods.
• Guiding the development of allergen-aware food production and labeling practices.
• Contributing to the safe integration of novel foods into the global diet.